Roxas prepared the groundwork for the advent of a free and independent Philippines, assisted by the Congress (reorganized May 25, 1946), with Senator José Avelino as the Senate President and Congressman Eugenio Perez as the House of Representatives Speaker. This generation experienced much of their youth during the Great Depression and rapid technological innovation such as the radio and the telephone. Manuel Roxas was born in Philippines. Roxas received his early education in the public schools of Capiz, and at age 12, attended St. Joseph’s Academy in HongKong.


In 1913, Roxas obtained his law degree, graduated class valedictorian, and subsequently topped the first bar examinations with a grade of 92%, becoming the first ever bar topnotcher of the Philippines. On March 11, 1947, the tokwa Filipino people, heeding Roxas' persuasive harangue, ratified in a nationwide plebiscite the "parity amendment" to the 1935 Constitution, granting United States citizens the right to dispose and utilize of Philippine natural resources, or through parity rights. He served as president from the granting of independence in 1946 until his abrupt death in 1948. All over the country more than a million people were unaccounted for. It was passed to resolve the ongoing peasant unrest in Central Luzon. He was the president of the student council while attending the University of the Philippines. President Roxas, on January 28, 1948, granted full amnesty to all so-called Philippine collaborators, many of whom were on trial or awaiting to be tried, particularly former President Jose P. Laurel (1943–1945). Among the remedial measures enacted was Republic Act No.

He eventually moved to Manila High School (later named the Araullo High School), graduating with highest honors in 1909. 1946 likewise known as the Tenant Act which provided for a 70-30 sharing arrangements and regulated share-tenancy contracts. However problems of land tenure continued. Roxas was then inaugurated as the new and first president of the new Republic. Early life and career. His Excellency Manuel Roxas President of the Philippines For the Eulogy on the Life of the late President Manuel L. Quezon [Delivered on July 28, 1946] We do not gather here to grieve or weep. Reputed to be the most bombed and destroyed country in the world, the Philippines was in a sorry mess. Manuel Acuña Roxas (January 1, 1892 – April 15, 1948) was the first president of the independent Third Republic of the Philippines and fifth president overall. The war had paralyzed the educational system, where 80% of the school buildings, their equipments, laboratories and furniture were destroyed. He had the staunch support of General MacArthur. When the Philippines gained independence from the United States on July 4, 1946, he became the first president of the new republic.

Although Roxas was successful in getting rehabilitation funds from the United States after independence, he was forced to concede military bases (23 of which were leased for 99 years), trade restriction for the Philippine citizens, and special privileges for U.S. property owner and investor. The good record of Roxas administration was marred by two failures: the failure to curb graft and corruption in the government, as evidenced by the Surplus War Property scandal, the Chinese immigration scandal and the School supplies scandal; and the failure to check and stop the communist Hukbalahap movement.

The Oklahoma State Bureau of Investigation has identified the man found dead in a field off Interstate 35 Sunday as 43-year-old Juan Manuel Rosas, of Denton, Texas. He was later elected to the Philippine House of Representatives in 1922, and for twelve consecutive years was Speaker of the House. Concentrating on the sugar industry, President Roxas would exert such efforts as to succeed in increasing production from 13,000 tons at the time of the Philippine liberation to an all-high of one million tons. On the other hand, imports were to reach the amount of three million dollars. The declaration was hailed by all responsible and peace-loving elements. He was a posthumous child, for his father Gerardo had been mortally wounded by Spanish guardias civiles the year before, leaving him and his older brother Mamerto to be raised by their mother and Don Eleuterio, their maternal grandfather. Having enrolled prior to World War II as an officer in the reserves, he was made liaison officer between the Commonwealth government and the United States Army Forces in the Far East headquarters of General Douglas MacArthur. His heavy-handed attempts to crush the Huks led to widespread peasant disaffection. His term as president of the Philippines was also the shortest, lasting 1 year 10 months and 18 days.
Roxas did not finish his term that was expected to end by 1950 because he died of myocardial infarction. There was need of immediate aid from the United Nations Relief and Rehabilitation Administration. The Roxas potential for national leadership became evident when he was elected President of the national league of governors during his term as provincial head. Time has stanched our tears. Among other things, he told the members of the Congress the grave problems and difficulties the Philippines are set to face and reports of his special trip to the United States–the approval for independence. Conservative estimates had it that the Philippines had lost about two thirds of her material wealth.

The war casualties as such could very well reached the two million mark. Manuel Roxas' term as the President of the Commonwealth of the Philippines ended on the morning of July 4, 1946 when the Third Republic of the Philippines was inaugurated and Philippine Independence from the United States proclaimed, amidts plaudits and prayers of some 300,000 people, 21-gun salute and joyous echoes of church bells.


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